Why not to use PageFactory and FindsBy in Selenium WebDriver

Many users of Selenium WebDriver may be using the PageFactory created by Simon Stewart. However, it is not a good idea to use it.

You may be thinking why should I not use it? It is so easy to use it, and its popular.

Well, here are 2 reasons why you should not use the PageFactory:

Reason #1. Simon Stewart (https://twitter.com/shs96c), the creator of WebDriver, and the PageFactory himself says, do not use it. It is not recommended.

The `FindsBy` annotation isn't recommended, because the PageFactory class is really badly implemented and inflexible, but it's not going away in the java bindings.

The `FindsByX` interfaces are going away. Better to use a `By` locator and use that.

 

https://twitter.com/shs96c/status/1196865907185868801

Reason #2: While Reason #1 should have been sufficient, many people implementing automation using Selenium WebDriver do not know, or did not pay heed to what Simon said. So another WebDriver & WATIR contributor, Titus Fortner (https://twitter.com/titusfortner) explained in detail why using PageFactory is not a good idea in his blog post - https://titusfortner.com/2021/02/03/page-factory-optimization.html. 

 

I sincerely hope these reasons are sufficient for you to move away from the PageFactory and use something more efficient. 

 

Business-Layer Page-Object Pattern

Business-Layer Page-Object Pattern for Functional / System / end-2-end Test Automation

1. Tests should talk business language
2. The test is deterministic, for a specific scenario. The test implementation is an orchestration of corresponding business operations
3. Business layer is an abstraction layer between the test intent & page objects
4. Implementation of business layer method is essentially an orchestration of other business operations, or for the granular business operation, an orchestration of page objects
5. The business layer method does the assertions of expectations
6. There should be no assertions in page objects
7. Each operation (in business or page object) being successful means there are a defined number of methods / operations the product can now do (as you are driving the product under test to do your bidding)
8. Hence, to #7, each operation can have one 1 valid page / business object as its return type

See the sample tests implemented in teswiz for an example of Business-Layer Page-Object pattern implementation.

Agile Testing & Patterns for a good Test Automation Frameworks

2018 started with a bang! I got an opportunity to speak and share my experiences in 2 rocking meetups.

Patterns of a "good" Test Automation Framework

TechnoWise meetup on 13th Jan on Patterns of a "good" Test Automation Framework went very well, with lot of interaction and discussions along the way.

Patterns of a “good” test automation framework from Anand Bagmar

What is Agile Testing? How does Automation Help?

Then, there was an impromptu meetup setup by a very proactive ISQA community at GO-JEK office in Jakarta, Indonesia on 16th Jan. The topic there was What is Agile Testing? How does Automation help? In this meetup, I also covered aspects of Career Path of a Tester, and QA Skills and Capabilities.

There were many amazing experiences from this meetup -

• The ISQA community is very active. The meetup was setup in literally a few days and there were over 150+ attendees
• The GO-JEK office space is a very fun place. They actually have an auditorium in the office to host meetups and similar activities, apparently, once a week!!
• The questions / interactions with the attendees were very insightful

Here are slides shared in the meetup. I will share the link of the video as well once available.

What is Agile Testing? How does Automation help? from Anand Bagmar

Patterns in Test Automation Framework at STPCon

I spoke about Patterns of a "good" Test Automation Framework at STPCon 2017. Here are the details from the talk.

Abstract

Building a Test Automation Framework is easy – there are so many resources / guides / blogs / etc. available to help you get started and help solve the issues you get along the journey.

However, building a “good” Test Automation Framework is not very easy. There are a lot of principles and practices you need to use, in the right context, with a good set of skills required to make the Test Automation Framework maintainable, scalable and reusable.

Design Patterns play a big role in helping achieve this goal of building a good and robust framework.

In this talk, we will talk about, and see examples of various types of patterns you can use for:

• Build your Test Automation Framework
• Test Data Management

Using these patterns you will be able to build a good framework, that will help keep your tests running fast, and reliably in your CI / CD setup!

Session Takeaways:

• Patterns for building Test Automation Framework.
• Patterns for Test Data Management, with pros and cons of each.

Slides

Patterns of a “good” test automation framework from Anand Bagmar

Pictures

Agile Testing & Patterns in Test Automation Framework coming to Singapore

I will be doing a 1-day workshop on Agile Testing and also a talk on "Patterns of a Good Test Automation Framework" as part of Unicom's World Conference Next Gen Testing Summit on Oct 13-14 2016 in Singapore.

See the site for more details, or contact me for more information on the same.

Sharing the pain in Automating with Protractor & WebDriver

As mentioned in my earlier post titled "Taking Protractor to the next level", on 25th June 2016, Nikitha Iyer and I spoke in Selenium Conference 2016, Bangalore, India on "Sharing the pain in Automating with Protractor & WebDriver".

The video is finally available and I am now able to share (see below) all the details of the talk from one post.

Abstract

There is a saying ..."Sukh baatne se badhta hai, dukh baatne se kam hota hai", translated as - "happiness increases & sadness reduces on sharing with others".

We want to take this opportunity to share with our experiences - the good and the bad, in the journey of building a Test Automation framework for an AngularJS based application. 

We will learn, by a case study, what thought process we applied on the given context (product, team, skills, capabilities, long term vision) to come up with an appropriate Test Automation Strategy. This Test Automation strategy covered all aspects of Test Automation - Unit, Integration, UI - i.e. End-2-End tests (E2E).

Next, we will share how we went about narrowing-down, and eventually selecting a specific Tech Stack + Tools (Javascript / Jasmine / Protractor / Selenium-WebDriver) to accomplish the Test Automation for the product.

Lastly, we will share the challenges that came up in the implementation of the Test Automation, and how we overcame them. This will also include how we managed to get the tests running in Jenkins - a Continuous Integration tool. 

This discussion is applicable to all team members who are working on Test Automation!

P.S. We will be attempting to make a sample protractor-based automation framework available on github for anyone to use as a starting point for setting up protractor-based Test Automation framework.

Slides

Sharing the pain using Protractor from Anand Bagmar

Video

Taking Protractor to the next level

As I got onto a project early this year - my paths crossed again with Protractor / Angular / JavaScript. Despite my past experiences with this tech stack, I needed to remain positive when approaching this challenge.

In this case, the context was quite different. That said, the challenges, though reduced compared to my first attempt at using Protractor effectively, were still around. 

I had posted a set of questions on my blog, various LinkedIn and facebook groups - and got a lot of suggestions and advice how to proceed. Thanks to all of them, it did make my life easier.

Then, as part of Selenium Conference 2016 held in Bangalore on 24-25th June 2016, my friend and colleague - +Nikita Iyer and I spoke about "Sharing the Pain of Automating with Protractor & WebDriver". The intention was multi-fold:

• We wanted to share what challenges we had faced on the team when using Protractor, and also how we overcame certain challenges. This was to help others in similar situations to learn from our mistakes & solutions.
• We also wanted to learn from the attendees what other challenges & solutions they had come up with in their experiences with this Protractor tool-stack.

I am very happy to say that we were successful in achieving both these objectives quite successfully.

Below is the details from the talk.

Abstract

There is a saying ..."Sukh baatne se badhta hai, dukh baatne se kam hota hai", translated as - "happiness increases & sadness reduces on sharing with others".

We want to take this opportunity to share with our experiences - the good and the bad, in the journey of building a Test Automation framework for an AngularJS based application. 

We will learn, by a case study, what thought process we applied on the given context (product, team, skills, capabilities, long term vision) to come up with an appropriate Test Automation Strategy. This Test Automation strategy covered all aspects of Test Automation - Unit, Integration, UI - i.e. End-2-End tests (E2E).

Next, we will share how we went about narrowing-down, and eventually selecting a specific Tech Stack + Tools (Javascript / Jasmine / Protractor / Selenium-WebDriver) to accomplish the Test Automation for the product.

Lastly, we will share the challenges that came up in the implementation of the Test Automation, and how we overcame them. This will also include how we managed to get the tests running in Jenkins - a Continuous Integration tool. 

This discussion is applicable to all team members who are working on Test Automation!

P.S. We will be attempting to make a sample protractor-based automation framework available on github for anyone to use as a starting point for setting up protractor-based Test Automation framework.

Slides

Sharing the pain using Protractor from Anand Bagmar

Video

- will be updated once available

Pictures

The recurring pattern of Patterns

On popular demand, I spoke in TechJam, the 2nd time around on Tuesday, 21st June on "Patterns of a 'good' Test Automation Framework, Locators & Data".

This time, the TechJam team at IDeaS used a different setup - a new conference room, with live-streaming via Google Hangout. It was indeed a great setup - with around 40 people able to sit and participate in discussions for over an hour - about Patterns in Test Automation.

Slides

Patterns in Test Automation from Anand Bagmar

Video

Pictures

Patterns in Test Automation presented at Agile India 2016

I spoke about Patterns of a “good” Test Automation Framework, Locators & Data! in Agile India 2016 in front of a packed room of Developers, Testers, BAs and POs.

Below is the abstract, slides & video of the talk.

Patterns of a “good” Test Automation Framework, Locators & Data!

Building a Test Automation Framework is easy - there are so many resources / guides / blogs / etc. available to help you get started and help solve the issues you get along the journey.

However, building a "good" Test Automation Framework is not very easy. There are a lot of principles and practices you need to use, in the right context, with a good set of skills required to make the Test Automation Framework maintainable, scalable and reusable.

Design Patterns play a big role in helping achieve this goal of building a good and robust framework. 

In this talk, we will talk about, and see examples of various types of patterns you can use for:

1. Build your Test Automation Framework
2. Test Data Management
3. Locators / IDs (for finding / interacting with elements in the browser / app)

Learning Outcome

• Patterns for building Test Automation Framework
• Patterns for Test Data Management, with pros and cons of each
• Patterns for managing locators / IDs for interaction with UI

Slides

Slides are available here:

Patterns in Test Automation from Anand Bagmar

Video

(My attempt of capturing the) video is available here:

Official video will be linked when it gets available.

Protractor for Angular apps?

Already asked these questions in the vodQA group on LinkedIn - but thought to repeat the same here as well - in case someone else also reads this, and has some thoughts.

I am experimenting (again) with Protractor for automation against Angular-based web-apps. This time around, my comfortness with Javascript is better (by a couple more % than before) - so I am better prepped for this challenge. 

That said, I am interested in knowing a few things on this:

• Has anyone in the group worked with protractor recently? 

• What has been your experiences in working with it? 

• Who are the roles involved in the automation implementation, execution and maintenance? 

• What are the typical utilities you built in this framework?

• How have you been modelling you page-object pattern with JS / protractor based frameworks? Or, is there some other better set of patterns for JS that should be used?

• How did you build your page objects? How did you build and manage the composition / nesting of pages? Did the method of a page return an appropriate page object?

• How many tests exist in your framework? 

• Do you run your tests in parallel?

• Do your tests run in CI? If yes, which driver do you use? Protractor site discourages the use of phantomJS. 

• Would it be possible to share some (non-confidential) examples of how you built your Page Objects? How are your specs written? Any example of that possible to see?

• Did anyone manage to run their tests against Safari / IE11 as well?

• What about soft asserts? Did you implement this?

• I saw a strange issue when running my test against chrome - I got the element is not clickable at xxx coordinates. However the same test ran against Firefox and phantomjs. Anyone seen this before?

• Given that protractor site does not recommend using phantomJS driver much, anyone used xvfb for running their tests in CI?

• What reporters do you use?